PPT on Cloud Computing

I have been working on cloud computing now for more than a year and have created a ppt for explaining what cloud computing means.

I have liberally googled for text and the images.


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by: Namitha Padiyar

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Cloud Computing in a nut shell

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Cloud Computing

• Involves a large number of computers connected through a communication network such as the Internet.

• Ability to run a program or application on many connected computers at the same time.

• Services offered in a public, private or hybrid network.

• Common cloud vendors: Google, Amazon, IBM, Oracle Cloud, Rackspace, Salesforce, Zoho and Microsoft Azure

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Characteristics

• Application programming interface: (API) accessibility to software, mostly usage of (REST) based APIs.

• Cost: Cloud providers claim that computing costs reduce.

• Device and location independence: enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they use (Ex: PC, mobile phone). 

• Virtualization: technology allows sharing of servers and storage devices and increased utilization. Applications can be easily migrated from one physical server to another.

• Multi-tenancy: Enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users 

• Performance is monitored, and consistent

• Security can improve due to centralization of data but concerns bout loss of control over certain sensitive data

• Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, because they do not need to be installed on each user's computer and can be accessed from different places

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Types of Cloud Computing

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•IAAS (Infrastructure As A Service): Companies provide a backbone that can be "rented out" by other companies.

o The base layer

o Deals with Virtual Machines, Storage (Hard Disks), Servers, Network, Load Balancers etc

o Ex: Google’s Google Drive

•PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service): The business can create its own custom applications for use by all in the company.

o A layer on top of IAAS

o Runtimes (like java runtimes), Databases (like mySql, Oracle), Web Servers (tomcat , IIS)

o Ex: Google Docs, Apprenda’s Enterprise Platform: Frees app development from internal  infrastructure & IT

•SaaS (Software-as-a-Service): The business subscribes to an application it accesses over the Internet.

o A layer on top on PAAS

          o Applications like email (Gmail, Yahoo mail etc), Social Networking sites (Facebook etc)

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Infrastructure As A Service

 • Virtual-machine disk image library, raw (block) and file-based storage, firewalls, load balancers, IP addresses, virtual local area networks (VLANs), and software bundles.

• Providers supply resources on-demand from their large pools installed in data centers.

• Providers patch and maintain the operating systems and the application software.

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Platform As A Service

• Provider provides Computing Platform and Solution Stack as a service.

• Provider facilitates the deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software.

• Consumer creates the software using tools and/or libraries from the provider.

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Software As A Service

• Also called “on-demand software”.

• Software and associated data are centrally hosted on the cloud by independent software vendors.

• Typically accessed using a web browser- PC/Mobile Phone

• Business applications include DBMS Software, CAD software, customer relationship management (CRM), management information systems (MIS), enterprise resource planning (ERP), invoicing, human resource management (HRM), content management (CM)

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Features of SaaS

• The initial setup cost is typically lower than the equivalent enterprise software

• Customers' data reside with the Vendor, so they price their applications based on some usage parameters, opportunities also exist to charge per transaction, event, or other unit of value.

• Relatively low cost for user provisioning (i.e., setting up a new customer) in a multi-tenant environment enables vendors to offer applications using the “freemium” model.

• A free service is made available with limited functionality or scope, and fees are charged for enhanced functionality or larger scope.

• The application is hosted centrally, so an update is decided and executed by the provider, not by customers.

• The application only has a single configuration, making development testing faster.

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Limitations of SaaS

• Since data are being stored on the vendor’s servers, data security becomes an issue.

•applications are hosted in the cloud, far away from the application users. So, SaaS model is not suitable for applications that demand response times in the milliseconds.

• Multi-tenant architectures, which drive cost efficiency for solution providers, limits customization of applications for large clients.

• Some business applications require access to or integration with customer's current data. When such data are large in volume or sensitive (e.g., end users' personal information), integrating them with remotely hosted software can be costly or risky, or can conflict with data governance regulations.

•Constitutional search/seizure warrant laws do not protect all forms of SaaS dynamically stored data.

• Switching vendors may involve the slow and difficult task of transferring very large data files over the Internet.

• Organizations that adopt SaaS may find they are forced into adopting new versions, which might result in unforeseen training costs or an increase in probability that a user might make an error.

• Relying on an Internet connection means that data are transferred to and from a SaaS firm at Internet speeds, rather than the potentially higher speeds of a firm’s internal network.

• Compatibility with hardware, other software, and operating systems, Licensing and compliance problems , Maintenance, support, and patch revision processes.